What is this?Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease from the endocrine group.In all patients, the incorrect absorption of glucose is the lack of hormonal insulin, which can be relatives or definitely.
What to eat?A balanced diet, a large amount of fruits and vegetables, whole grain, low-level proteins and healthy oils, diabetes, can help people with diabetes manage blood sugar.
Total power rules for diabetes
Today, diabetes disease is one of the most pressing problems in medicine.The statistics show that the number of patients diagnosed since 2013 has doubled.At present, more than 425 million people suffer from it.Forecast, unfortunately sad.It is possible that after 10-12 years, the number of patients around the world will be 629 million.
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease from the endocrine group.In all patients, the incorrect absorption of glucose is the lack of hormonal insulin, which can be relatives or definitely.
As a result, patients are developing hyperglycemia characterized by high blood glucose.Diabetes Mellitus causes each metabolism, ie carbohydrate, fat, protein, mineral and water salt.
It should be noted that the disease is developing for what reasons.When a person is destroyed or destroyed by pancreas cells, 1 diabetes is beginning to make progress.Often in such a situation, there is an absolute insulin deficiency.Genetics can also play a role here, but also various external factors - food habits, viral diseases, violations of hygiene principles, etc.
The second type of diabetes is developing insulin resistance.Insulin deficiency within this type is relative.Characterized by continuous hyperglisemia.
Regardless of the type of disease, all patients have an increase in blood sugar.There are no carbohydrates according to the glucose resistance of the cells.That is, glucose, instead of going to the cage, swims in blood.
Each patient of diabetes should follow a diet defined by the participating doctor.The patient reduces carbohydrate load to reduce 5-7%, the amount of oil used should be increased.
So far, the power supply for diabetes intended the full exception of simple carbohydrates.But today the diet of patients is designed individually calculated by Kbzhu.From the diabetics, you can often hear the following statement: "There are no serious bans with diabetes, there is only a healthy lifestyle."
The basis for a diet is a glycemic index showing sugar suction ratio.
It has high-quality simple carbohydrates of a high glycemic index.They are sweets, jam, cookies, etc.Includes, that is, sugar will include them quickly.Croats, a low index of vegetables and fruits, respectively, appropriately ratio when using them.This ensures that the pancreat is easier to cope with the burden.
IMPORTANT:Products to the patient's diet should include products below 55 glycemic index.Their breakdown occurs gradually and the blood sugar levels do not practically increase.
Each product has its own insulin index.This indicator shows how to increase the insulin after eating.Diabetes should be taken into account by diabetes by diabetes by each patient in diabetes to calculate the insulin dose of insulin to the use of a particular food.The medication injections are determined by the doctor after eating.
In fact, the patient is eaten, in any case, the food will be released.The development of insulin's resistance is often determined by the number of insulin swings.The more the high the probability of resistance.The latter, in turn, causes the development of type 2 diabetes.Let's give you an example.
Many of us tend to think that milk and fermented dairy products such as cottage cheese, kefir and yogurt are the perfect snack.In fact, all these products have a very high insulin index.Thus, the use of them is forcing the swing of many swings that cause the patient's emotional background, the change of bad moods and irritation.
Below we will analyze the basis for diabetes.
Diet for type 1 diabetes
In the diabetes of type 1, the correct balanced diet opens the following opportunities: reducing the risks of husbands, heart attacks and complications, increase the normal level of blood glucose, increase the immune system and get rid of the immune system.The patient who is subject to the diet recommended by the participating doctor will feel good.
The main rule is to control the glucose level in the blood, it must change in 3.5 to 5.5 mmol / l.The basic principles of nutrition are:
- More than 2,000 kilocales per day should not be consumed.
- Fractional strength in small parts.At least 5 meals a day.
- It should not be pure sujozosis on the diet, it will maintain a normal glucose level.
- Most carbohydrates should be in the first half of the day.
- To give up the late food.
- The maximum exception of simple carbohydrates with bread cooking, complex, sweets and honey.
- Using a fluke.Stevia is perfect here.It is important to prefer products with a natural composition.
- Construction of insulin therapy chart during meal time.Prolonged medication is applied before eating, a short medicine - then.
- To keep the record of bread units.The value of each admission should not be higher than 8 bakeries.
If the diseases of the disease of the sick gastrointestinal tract, diets should be excluded from a diet, including salty, smoked, fat (bulls, coffee, soda, alcohol, mushrooms, mushrooms, canned products.In other words, they should not use things that contribute to extreme secretion of enzymes, because they affect the speed of the absorption of carbohydrates.
Products for diabetics are allowed and prohibited.The following classification should be taken into account when compiling a weekly menu.An authorized approach will normalize the level of glucose in the blood.Nutritionists can lead to sad results in ignoring the recommendations.
Products for type 1 diabetes:
- Bread made without yeast.For example, lavash.
- Berries and fruits.For example, plums, cherries, citrus fruits, apples, pears.
- Soy products (tofu, milk).
- Cereals and cereals (barley, oatmeal, buckwheat).
- Vegetarian soups, including soup purees.
- Beverage, sweetened computers, including weak -combated mineral water, berries moussesi.
- Vegetables.For example, onions, zucchini, pepper, beets, carrots.
- Nuts.
- Nick -fed coffee, sugar-free tea.
Forbidden products for type 1 diabetes:
- Fat soups and broths.
- The pasta.
- Bread.
- Sweets.
- Sweets and chocolates.
- Fast food dishes, semi-cut products.
- Alcohol.A special ban is a red dessert wine.
- Smoked, sharp, strongly salted.
- Oily meat, especially pork, lamb, duck.
- Oily fish.For example, Mackerel.
It is important to have a minimum processing rate during preparations for the products in the diet.
The raw vegetables and fruits are recommended to eat, but the casserole, boiled or baked food - it is also permissible.Fried food is not recommended by doctors.
If the patient plays sports, the meal can be adjusted during the period of tight cargo, because training leads to more consumption of carbohydrates.
To prevent a hyperglycemic koma, it is recommended to include a patient in the diet, to include vegetable products to reduce blood glucose.For example, it can be a blue meek or rose river.
IMPORTANT:In the presence of a disease, the patient should follow the doctor-endocrinologist, and to follow for an individual diet, regardless of general recommendations.If a patient with insulin, if the body mass index shows the fat, the daily calorie should be up to 1,200 to 1400 kkalays.If you don't need to adjust the weight, the daily calorie rate is growing.
Type 2 Diabetes Diets
The power supply for type 2 diabetes is based on the following basics:
- Sugar -Substitutes are alternative to elegant carbohydrates.
- Proteins should be a diet, 20%, 30% of oils, carbohydrates - 50%.
- Consumption of animal fats should be reduced to 50%.
The daily calorie rate is about the patient's weight, and how much energy has been spent on the day.It is probably 5 meals, cooked or boiled shapes during the day, there are dishes.
Diabetes are not able to overcome protein products because of the growing sensitivity of the kidneys.The diet should also include these products that improve fat metabolism.They include bran, rose flowers, vegetable oils, grain, fertilized dairy products.
To understand how effective the diet is set to tests for blood sugar with a certain frequency.The first fence of the blood was made over a vacant stomach in two hours.If the results differ from normal indicators, the doctor regulates the patient's diet and changes the dose of drugs.
The power supply for type 2 diabetes is not very different with the food habits of people who follow a healthy lifestyle.Both of them are fed in small parts, but often.The number of meals recommended a day is 5, each equal to 5-8 bakeries, there are 2 snacks equal to 1-2 bakery.
You can't ignore the breakfast, very important for rational dishes.You need to eat at least 4 hours, no more than one and a half per hour without sleeping.After the above recommendations, the cardiovascular system, eye lesions (retinopathy), kidneys (nephropathy), the excellent nature of the nervous system (neuropathy).
Useful products for diabetes Mellitus
Ginger
The ginger has a positive impact on metabolism, normalizes the patient's blood glucose indicators and improves blood clotting.It is recommended to use daily.
Whole grain
Products such as whole grain bread, film seeds and brown rice hinder the development of diabetes.Normalization of glucose levels in the blood can be explained with a sufficient amount due to their use.All grains have to add complex carbohydrates in the bowl, a special request to eat something with a high glycemic index, which has a hindrance with a high glycemic index.
Cinnamon
Cinnamon helps improve the insulin sensitivity of cells.This spice is involved in regulating insulin levels.In addition, it is normalizing blood pressure, so it is recommended to use hypertension, not only diabetics.
Citrus
There are antioxidants in any citrus fruit.They also normalize insulin level.
Nuts
Hazelnuts have a large amount of mono -atized oils and magnesium.Statistics show that diabetics of nuts regularly suffer from glucose surprise than others.
Olive oil
The use of olive oil is an excellent prevention of the diseases of the cardiovascular system.In addition, the product regulates glucose levels in blood.
Fish
The fish are Omega-3 sources.These fatty acids should be the compulsory component of nutrition in diabetes.The red blood cells also synthesize cell membranes, the swallowing of minerals, inflammation of vitamins and minerals, and prevent the development of insulin resistance.
Varnish
The legumes are another stability of glucose level in the patient's blood.They do not practically have fatty oils that cause damage to the cardiovascular system.
Green sheet vegetables
Salad leaves, spinach, all kinds of cabbage are the basis of the diet in diabetes.These types of products are small, and at the same time consist of quite useful substances.The latter includes vitamin C, beta-carotene and magnesium.These elements hinder the development of 14% of the development of type 2 diabetes.Recommended dosage - 106 grams of daily.
Forbidden products for diabetes Mellitus
Today, doctors think that diabetics are not serious to be severely restricted in the diet.Patients can make delicious and various dishes, but there are still a number of products recommended to give up to the supporters of a healthy lifestyle, but also to the supporters of a healthy lifestyle.
Some fruits
Some fruits and dried fruits increase the growth of blood glucose.These include dried apricots, dates, figs, raisins, palms, bananas, grapes, bananas.
Transfinia
The transfinators are rich in both the fast food menu, as well as dining from Margarine, sweets.They just hurt a number to health and a number.
Half-cut products
Half-cut products are made using applications such as fragrant, stabilizers, flavor boosters.It is not recommended to buy fish sticks, meatballs, meatballs, sausages, meatballs and sausages in stores.If you really want, it's better to cook yourself.
Fat foods
The fatty dish provokes blood sugar.For diabetes should not include ducks, pork, lamb, Lard, mayonnaise and fatty dairy products.
Baking
Asso Bread should also be excluded.This includes bread products, muffins and cookies.
Sweet
It is necessary to refuse sugar in a pure form, as well as in large quantities.Under the banner: ice cream, milk chocolate, marmalad, halva, clutter, jam and other sweets.
Schedule 9 for Diabetes
In the first quarter of the twentieth century, 15 diet was prepared for diabetics and patients with other diseases.Their authorship belongs to a nutrient to know each other.Today, despite its outlook, it still uses his system, how many doctors still use it.
A place for patients with type 2 diabetes - 9 on the table.Schedule 9 is based on the same principles used today: pay special attention to partial or complete rejection of carbohydrates, proteins and fiber.
Although the diet is still created before 100 years ago, endocrinologists make their adjustments depending on the patient's condition.
Diet for gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is the result of a violation of a pregnant woman's pancreas.As a rule, it is easy to control this situation.The main rule is a rational food.
- Do not consume sugar, cakes, cakes, sdoba, high sugar content, as well as sugar-location and it.
- BJU must have the following proportions - 30%, 20%, 50%.
- You need to drink 1.5 to 2 liters of clean drinking water daily.
- Enter starched products in the diet, including grains, legumes, battles, beets, radish, tyrants, as well as fertilized dairy products.
- The fresh fruits are perfect for a snack.
- The total number of dishes is 5, 3 of them are basic and 2 snacks.
- Do not ignore the use of vitamin complexes for anticipating mothers.
- Drink flows from plants to reduce sugar: celery, lilac, blue fruits and beans.
- Refuse or restrict the caffeine in the diet.The number of tea and coffee parts should not exceed 2 days.
Mellitus Diabetes in children
The main causes of diabetes in children are the lack of a hereditary tendency or rational nutrition.In the last case, we talk about simple carbohydrates and the abuse of the glaze.In some cases, the diabetes of a child appears as a result of mental or physical trauma.The treatment is individually elected depending on the severity of the disease, the application of a nutrition and insulin in the main role is the application of insulin if we are talking about type 1 diabetes.
The nutrition of children in diabetes should include vegetables: cabbage, onion, spinach and garlic.There are fruits, but those with a minimum amount of sugar.Low -Fat meat, poultry and fish are also allowed.Dairy products - provided, provided that there is low percentage of oil content.The spices that increase the absorption of proteins are acceptable.
Sweets and sweet fruits - under a serious ban.The rice is also recommended to be excluded.
The participating doctors teach small patients to calculate the amount of bread units and insulin doses.Important: The better the child learns how quickly it is.
Alcohol Mellitus for diabetes
Alcohol is recommended to seriously restrict if it is not possible to use it completely.A patient that causes a patient can be appointed by a doctor who is a patient, how much alcohol.
A small amount of alcohol is allowed, but it is important to remember some things here.
The more powerful alcohol, the so much calories inside.There are 710 kiloes in 100 grams of clean alcohol and are not less than this fat.Any alcohol drink also has energy value, as well as carbohydrates.A glass of beer is about 200 kilograms and a glass of wine is about 100.
Why is not recommended to drink alcohol?The work is that it provokes sugar jumps and causes hypoglycemia, that is, the glucose level can cause a sharp decline.When entering the liver in alcohol, the body focuses on the energy of the body in the fragment of alcohol molecules, and it is forgotten that it should be freed from glucose.It is better to get alcohol immediately after meals to prevent this happening.
By the way, some scientists believe that a reasonable amount of alcohol is not only harmed, but also little benefits for 2 types of diabetics.
It is important to remember that the alcohol gucose levels causes glucose levels, its regular use may cause the development of the second type of diabetes.
In addition, many medications cannot be combined with alcohol.Among them are insulin and sulfonilmochevina.This combination can cause a strong hyperglishemia.
How to drink alcoholism from diabetes?
- Review the caloric content of alcohol with an ordinary diet.
- Prefer to less -calori drinks with a few calories.
- Don't drink in an empty stomach.
- Eat alcohol.
- Control the glucose level in the blood.
- Alcohol warn your illness in a company you drink.If necessary, people be ready to provide ambulance.
- Do not mix alcohol and medicine.